The present study describe the chemical profile of volatile compounds from the resin of Pistacia lentiscus L. (Anacardiaceae) "Mistica" marketed sample used in Sudanese Traditional Medicine. The essential oils was obtained by steam-Distillation and analyzed by GC/MS. From the 37 compounds representing 58% of the oil : alpha-copaene (17.12%), beta-caryophellene (9.78%), gamma-muurolene (9.60%), 8,8-Dimethyl-9-methylene-1,5-Cycloundecadiene (8.10%), gammaelemene (5.76%) and beta-bourbonene (5.46%) appear as the main components. The oil also contained smaller percentages of alpha-cubebene, alpha-humulene, cyclostivene, (-)-spathulenol and ledol. P. lentiscus oil was characterized by the presence of many components which could have numerous applications in food, pharmaceutical and perfume industries.