The study summarized the mechanism of Microbiologically Induced Corrosion, introduced the damage which MIC bring to industry，production and life，focused on the mechanism of MIC caused by the two main strains of iron bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria, and puts forward to the prevention and control of MIC of chemical, physical and biological methods. And it analyzed the principles and the merits and demerits of various control methods， according to the specific situation to choose suitable control method, or joint control methods can be used.