Effective development of shale gas is the important measures to solve the natural gas resources in China and realize production to replace, the means and technology of the development of shale gas provide a new challenge to petroleum industry, This is because that the nature of the cause, storage and migration way different about shale gas and conventional gas. Technical problems are the core of restricting the development of shale gas, Draw lessons from the successful experience of development of American, China's petroleum industry system is the key to solve technology, This paper through the analysis of the concentration of the petroleum industry to determine the management structure of China's petroleum industry, come to the conclusion that China's petroleum industry market structure is oligopolistic market structure, and according to the condition of shale gas development in-depth analysis about the present situation of China's petroleum industry restricting the development of shale gas, put forward the countermeasures of creating a competitive market environment, It is the key to speed up the formation of shale gas industry development technology, in order to promote the development of shale gas.