This review focuses on the use of liposomes as a drug delivery agent in clinical bacterial strains. Liposomes were preferentially developed because of their composition, which is compatible with biological constituents and unique physicochemical properties, such as ultra small and controllable size, large surface area, high reactivity and functional structure. These properties facilitate the administration of drugs, thereby overcoming some of the limitations in the traditional antibacterial therapeutics. Numerous antibiotics have been prescribed to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. Even though the therapeutic efficacy of these drugs is understood, inefficient delivery could result in inadequate therapeutic index, and local and systemic side effects. Research on liposome technology has progressed from conventional vesicles to 'second-generation liposomes', in which long-circulating liposomes can be obtained by modulating the lipid composition, size and charge of the vesicle. It is clear that encapsulation of antibiotics in liposomes has emerged as an innovative and promising alternative that enhances therapeutic efficacy, minimizes undesirable side effects of the drugs, improves the risk-benefit ratio and prevents emerging drug resistant bacteria. The ability and current state of liposomes for delivering various antibiotics are reviewed here, while exploring the shared interests between nano-engineers and microbiologists in developing nanotechnology for the treatment of infectious diseases.