The aim of the this study was to identify the phytochemical constituents of Mucuna pruriens extract by Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrophotography (GC-MS) and to evaluate the hypoglycemic potential in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. The rats were treated orally with the extract at 100 mg and 200 mg /kg b wt for 21 days. Biochemical parameters viz., fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood urea, serum creatinine and total cholesterol were analyzed. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of phytochemicals like n-hexadecanoic acid (48.21 %), Squalene (7.87%), Oleic acid (7.62%) ascorbic acid (3.80%) and Octadecanoic acid (6.21%) were present in the extract. Mucuna pruriens reduced the blood sugar of diabetic rats from 242. 4 ± 9.2 mg/dl to 91.0 ± 5.2 mg/dl. Thus, Mucuna pruriens show a good potential of being used as alternate medicine in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.