Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research (ISSN : 0975-7384)

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Original Articles: 2015 Vol: 7 Issue: 11

Modulation of antioxidant status by curcumin prevents cochlear damage after noise exposure

Abstract

Several studies have discovered that curcumin possesses broad biological functions, especially antioxidant and antiinflammatory. Noise exposure consequently leads to increased levels of radical oxygen species (ROS) production in the cochlea, causing cochlear damage and noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Treatments that enhance antioxidant defences might protect susceptible individuals from NIHL. This study was conducted to demonstrate curcumin as the safe and effective therapeutic agent in the prevention and treatment of oxidative damage in fibroblasts within the cochlear supporting tissues and lateral wall following noise exposure by modulating endogenous antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Twenty-four Rattus norvegicus were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 6). Group 1: The control group; group 2: noise (+); group 3: noise (+), 50 mg/day curcumin (+); group 4: noise (+), 100 mg/day curcumin (+). All groups (except group 1) were subjected to 100 dB SPL for 2 hours per day for 14 days. Curcumin was administered orally for 14 days. All samples were immunohistochemistrically examined for the expressions of SOD in cochlear fibroblasts and colorimetrically examined for CAT levels in cochlear tissues using colorimetric reader. All statistical analyses were performed by Statistical Analysis System (SAS). The results showed that curcumin is potentially effective in the prevention and treatment of oxidative damage in fibroblasts within the cochlear supporting tissues and lateral wall following noise exposure by modulating the expressions of SOD and CAT levels.