In this study, samples from 3 major mining seams in the mining area of Feicheng in Shandong Province, China, were studied. The release of minerals from raw coal samples with different particle diameters was measured. The characteristics and patterns of the minerals released from residual coal in the groundwater environment after the coalfield was closed are discussed. The following results were obtained. 1) The cumulative amounts of minerals that were leached from the coal samples correlated significantly with the particle diameter. This relationship between the amount of cumulative leaching of the coal sample minerals and the particle diameter was described by the following equation: y=axb. 2) The different coal compositions resulted in different amounts of mineral release from the samples. 3) The quantities of the minerals released from the coal samples in water were constrained by changes in the residues on the surfaces of the coal samples. These results provide a theoretical basis for determining potential water pollution sources in abandoned coalmines. In addition, these results could be used to restore water circulation systems and to restore the use of groundwater resources. These processes are important for using mine water from abandoned coalmines.