This paper makes study of microwave pulping process for rice straw in basic ionic liquid [NH-(C2H4OH)3]+. Ionic liquid is synthesized and the experiments are carried out on pulping process. The pulp yields are close to 40%. It belongs to the high yield chemical pulp. The average recovery rate of ionic liquid is 94%, which makes pulping process no pollution, that is, no black liquor. Test results show that the paper properties satisfy the general requirements of paper. XRD result indicates that rice straw cellulose crystal type is no obvious change after ionic liquid microwave cooking pulping. The damage degree of rice straw fiber is small. SEM analysis shows that the basic ionic liquid has a strong penetration under the supplementary role of microwave radiation. There is no significant difference for pulp fiber morphology by microscope observation after cooking pulping as well as and fiber length&width detection. These results show that the microwave pulping process for rice straw in basic ionic liquid is in line with the grasses pulping characteristics.