During the process of imaging and digitization in DR system, due to the influence of electrical noise of electronic devices, optical scattering caused by imaging devices and light quantum scattering, vague imaging, low resolution and less obvious details are inevitable, bringing some difficulties in doctors' pathological diagnosis Therefore, it needs to enhance the images in the later stage of the DR system process and improve the image resolution, edges and other details. In order to present clear details while enhancing the contrast ratio, we introduce a medical DR image enhancing method based on hybrid optimization algorithm, which makes histogram equalization enhance in low frequency of the concerned range and piecewise linearity enhance in non-concerned range. This method combines the advantages of AFSA and membrane optimization algorithm. DR images enhanced with this method have better image effect and clearer details