Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research (ISSN : 0975-7384)

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Original Articles: 2012 Vol: 4 Issue: 1

In vitro anthelmintic activity of Leuceana leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit. (Mimosaceae) and Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Steud (Fabaceae) leave extracts on Haemonchus contortus ova and larvae

Abstract

High cost of conventional anthelmintic products associated sometimes with their unavailability on all part of Burkina Faso orders that alternative solutions based on the use of medicinal plants are investigated to help poor rural smallholder farmers. For that purpose, the aqueous extracts of two forage plants (Leuceana leucocephala and Gliricidia sepium) were tested on Hæmonchus contortus parasite of goats to estimate their potential anthelminthic properties. In this study, six concentrations of the aqueous extracts of plants (1,562-50 mg / ml) were used in comparison with a control (distilled water) to lead the tests of egg hatching and larval development. The percentage inhibition of two extract plants showed a dose-dependent anthelminthic effect (P<0.05) on an inhibition of egg hatching and larval development. In egg hatching test, only the concentration of 50 mg/ml of G. sepium extract of presented a significant inhibition effect (P < 0.05) compared to the control. The obtained effective dose 50 (ED50) were 18.6 mg/ml for G. sepium extract against 44.9 mg/ml for leucocephala L. extract. In larval development test, all concentrations extract of G. sepium and presented a significant inhibition effect (P < 0,05) compared to the control, contrary to those of leucocephala L. extract (6,25 - 50 mg / ml). The found ED50 were 25 mg/ml and 91.5 mg/ml for extracts of G. sepium and L. leucocephala, respectively. These results denote the existence of natural compounds in the two plant extracts and whose anthelmintic properties could justify their use in the control of gastrointestinal nematode in small ruminant by smallholder farmers. However, these properties may be verified by in vivo procedure among small ruminants.