This paper analyze the relativity of water resources utilization in Minqin and economic sustainable development adopting optimal multiple regressions. The results show that: 1There is remarkable correlation between the economic growth and the demand of water resources. On condition that the sustainable development of economy is satisfied, the growth of rural population is a huge pressure on water resources. It is an appropriate measure to coordinate the environmental protection and social economic development that reducing the consumption of water for rural population or accelerating the process of urbanization and developing forestry and animal husbandry. 2) Increasing urban population and developing industry and modern farming can promote our economic growth at the same time reduce the pressure on water resources significantly. 3) 97.5% of the variation in the total water requirement of Minqin is caused by two variables-“animal husbandry output value” and “rural population”. So the major routes of rational utilization of water resources and the sustainable development of social economy in Minqin are reducing the consumption of water for rural population constantly or accelerating the process of urbanization and optimizing animal husbandry industry further.