Coumarins are one of the most important classes of heterocycles that occupies prime position in synthetic and pharmaceutical chemistry due to their diverse applications. Broad spectrum of biological activity and their utility as useful synthons, coumarins have attracted researchers to work on this moiety, which is instrumental in the development of coumarin chemistry. This review article provides up to date information about the natural sources, developments, exploration of new methodologies and varied biological activities of coumarins.