The aim of this work was to characterize the essential oils and solvent extracts of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. from Morocco in terms of chemical composition and antioxidative activity. Analysis of the essential oil of F. vulgare was carried out using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectral (GC-MS). The main components were limonene (20.8%) and β-pinene (17.8%), followed by myrcene (15.0%) and fenchone (12.5%). The antioxidant activities of this aromatic plant were evaluated using a DPPH test system to suggest it as a new potential source of natural antioxidants. The amounts of phenolic and flavonoid compounds of solvent extracts (diethyl ether and ethyl acetate) were determined spectrometrically. Furthermore, The DPPH scavenging activity of extracts increased in the order essential oil < diethyl ether extract < ethyl acetate extract < ascorbic acid. Finally, a relationship was observed between the antioxidant activity potential and total phenolic and flavonoid levels of the extract.