Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research (ISSN : 0975-7384)

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Original Articles: 2017 Vol: 9 Issue: 3

Biosorption of Cu(II) onto the Adsorbent Prepared from Sea Urchin Test: Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Studies

Abstract

The potential of biomass prepared from shells of sea urchin to adsorb copper from aqueous solutions was studied. The extent of biosorption of Cu(II) ions was found to be dependent on the solution pH, biosorbent dose, initial cadmium ions concentration and contact time. These four independent process variables were optimized using traditional one variable at a time technique. Equilibrium biosorption data was analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) isotherm models. Equilibrium dynamics were well described by Langmuir isotherm. The results indicated that sea urchin bears the competence to remove copper from aqueous medium having maximum capacity of 12.5 mg g−1 at favorable process conditions. The mean adsorption energies evaluated using the D–R model indicated that the sorption of Cu(II) onto sea urchin mainly takes place by chemisorption. Thermodynamic energy functions such as ΔG0, ΔH0and ΔS0 were evaluated and these parameters reveled that biosorption of copper ions onto sea urchin was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. These remarks substantiate sea urchin as an economical and naturally available biosorbent for copper removal from polluted wastewater.