Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research (ISSN : 0975-7384)

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Original Articles: 2014 Vol: 6 Issue: 5

Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial isolates of ventilated patients from the intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital in rural India

Abstract

To undertake an audit of the antimicrobial (AM) sensitivity pattern of bacterial isolates in the intensive care units (ICU) of a tertiary hospital of Bankura, India. A cross sectional retrospective study. Blood, urine sample and tip of endotracheal tube and tracheal aspirate sent for the culture of the ventilated patient. SPSS software was used for calculation of % R of 95% confidence interval (CI). Of 100 patients selected 61 patents (61%) are culture positive and 39 (39%) are culture negative. Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) was the most common infection, followed by urinary tract infection (UTI) and bacteraemia. The most common infections occurring in ICU in order of frequency were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (36.06%), Acinetobacter baumannii (26.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.7%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (8.2%).A very high rate of resistance (80-100%) was observed to ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid combination. Least resistance was noted to meropenem and doxycycline. P. aeruginosa isolates showed high rate of resistance to cephalexin (92.5%), cefotaxime (66.4%) and ceftriaxone (60%). Meropenem is the most effective antibiotic followed by Imipenem and Amikacin. Most bacteria isolated from ICU of Bankura sammilani medical college and hospital were resistant to the third generation of cephalosporins, and quinolone antibiotics. Most commonly isolated organisms were from endotracheal aspirate. Regular surveillance of antibiotic susceptibility patterns is very important for setting orders to guide the clinician in choosing empirical or directed therapy of infected patients.