Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research (ISSN : 0975-7384)

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Original Articles: 2018 Vol: 10 Issue: 5

Adverse Effects of Intravenous Immunoglobulin:A Case in Pediatrics with Kawasaki Disease

Abstract

Intravenous immunoglobulin IVIg is an essential treatment for many neurological, immunological and haematological conditions. However, the severity of its rare adverse effects is often underrecognised. We report a case of a child receiving IVIg for Kawasaki Disease who developed severe skin reactions and cyanosis. Kawasaki disease is an acute, self-limited vasculitis of unknown etiology that occurs predominantly in infants and children. If not treated early with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin, 1 in 5 children develop coronary artery aneurysms; this risk is reduced 5-fold if intravenous immunoglobulin is administered within 10 days of fever onset 1.Immunoglobulins are a plasma-derived drug, which have been initially used as a replacement therapy for patients with antibody deficiency. Since 1980 they have also been used for their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating efficacy in auto-immune diseases. In Kawasaki disease Intravenous Immunoglobulins IVIgs still modulate the synthesis and the release of cytokines and chemokines, in combination with neutralization of the suspected bacterial superantigen activity 2.